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PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING

TUBLI WATER POLLUTION CONTROL CENTRE, BAHRAIN

A major wastewater treatment plant catering for the domestic and industrial wastewater from the metropolitan areas of Manama, Isa Town, and Muharraq, with a projected 2010 population of over 750,000. Phase I provides treatment for a wastewater flow of 55,000 m3/day. 

Four main aeration tanks were implemented under Phase I. Four additional aeration tanks of the same size and two final clarifiers were added in Phase II to bring the total treatment plant capacity to 230,000 m3/day and a B.O.D. load of about 24,000 kg/day. The project also included the transmission, distribution and storage systems to irrigate 3000 Hectares of agricultural areas with treated sewage effluent. 

The proposed expansion has taken into consideration the excessive infiltration of ground water into the sewerage system, as well as the disposal of the septic sewage from existing septic tanks, which imposed a high hydraulic flow and extra B.O.D. load on Phase I of the Plant.

The services included the following main tasks:

The preparation of criteria, process engineering, plans, specifications and tender documents for the issuance on turnkey basis.

• Bid evaluation and advice on selection of contractors and equipment suppliers.

• Review and approval of detailed working drawings prepared by the construction contractors.

• Construction supervision including inspection and testing of machinery and equipment.

• Supervision of operation and maintenance of the completed Plant.

TUBLI WATER POLLUTION CONTROL CENTRE - PHASE II, BAHRAIN
(PRODUCTION & UTILISATION OF TREATED SEWAGE EFFLUENT)

Expansion of a major wastewater treatment plant catering for the domestic and industrial wastewater from the metropolitan areas of Manama, Isa Town, and Muharraq. Phase II provide Secondary and Tertiary treatment expansion flow of 230,000m3/day and transmission, distribution and storage systems to irrigate 3000 Hectares of agricultural areas with treated sewage effluent.

The services include the following main tasks:

• Secondary treatment expansion from 160,000m³/day to 230,000m³/day using the low rate activated sludge process, including the addition of aerobic selectors, additional aeration tanks, clarifiers, thickeners and sludge recycle facilities.

• Upgrading of existing facilities (inlet works, channels, substations) to accommodate the expansion.

• Repair works to existing facilities and buildings.

• New Sludge Dewatering and Thermal Drying facilities for 38 ton / day of dried cake.

• Primary treatment facility for 4,000 m³/d of tankered wastes.

• Odor Control facilities.

• Upgrading and renovation works to the existing Tertiary Treatment facilities and New Tertiary Treatment facilities to treat a total of 230,000m³/day. The New Tertiary Treatment facilities include fine screens, secondary effluent lift station, 35,000m³ balancing tank, dual media filtration plant, ozone generation facilities, ozone contact tanks, effluent storage and transmission pumping station.

• Transmission System transmitting the 200,000m³/d of effluent to the Ag ricultural areas located in the Northern, Central and Western parts of the State of Bahrain.

• Reservoirs and Pumping Stations in each Agricultural area to feed the distribution systems.

• Distribution Systems for irrigation of 2,500 Hectares of Agricultural areas located in the Northern, Central and Western parts of the State of Bahrain including telemetry control.

• Drainage System for the Agricultural areas.

• Complete instrumentation system with central computer control, including secondary treatment, thickeners, sludge drying plant, balancing tanks, sand filters, ozone disinfection's facility, effluent pumping stations, substations, transmission distribution and storage system.

• Civil infrastructure including roads, grading and drainage, H.V. and L.V. electrical distribution, landscaping and fencing.

• Surge Analysis of the complete system for initial and ultimate conditions.

CONSULTING SERVICES:
Criteria, process engineering, architectural and engineering designs, specifications, construction cost estimates and tender documents.

SOLID WASTE UTILIZATION FROM BAHRAIN TUBLI WPCC, BAHRAIN

A highly mechanized form of sludge dewatering and drying treatment has been deemed necessary due to the lack of space in the facility to build additional drying beds. The Proposed sludge dewatering and drying plant has been designed to produce a product that is dries to 90% solids content and that is fully disinfected. The bio-solids produced are of a quality which enable the farmers to apply them on agricultural soils without health hazards.

Sludge drying beds have been used in Tubli to handle the produced sludge, the plant has 72 drying bed with a total capacity of around 15 ton/day. The New Sludge Treatment plant will be able to handle a design capacity (year 2010) of around 38 ton/d.

After being thickened, sludge is directed to the sludge drying plant, where firstly is further dewatered. The principal components of the sludge dewatering system are:

• Thickened sludge storage tanks

• Centrifuge feed pumps

• High solids centrifuges

• Dewatered cake conveyors and dewatered cake pumps

The second stage of sludge treatment is thermal drying where the final product is in the form of granules that can be used as a soil conditioner. Sludge drying is the heart of the sludge handling process and will be accomplished by the use of two rotary thermal dryers. The heat source for the dryer is obtained from dual fuel source burner using either natural gas or diesel as a fuel source. The Sludge Treatment Plant will produce a sludge that is dried to 90% solids content and that is fully disinfected. This sludge can hence be directly applied on agricultural areas. The Thermal Drying process is designed as a closed loop system to minimize emissions to atmosphere and facilitate ordor control. The basic design concepts and parameters for the combined dewatering and drying plant are as follows:

1. Biological sludges from the return activated sludge channel of the extended aeration process are drawn off and processed in existing four thickeners. The thickened sludge is transferred to two hopper bottomed, fully enclosed balancing tanks located at the drying plant. Each balancing tank can provide storage capacity for 3 hours sludge production at the design rate of 38 tons dry solids (DS) per day at 2.5%dry solids. The tanks shall be equipped with mechanical stirrers, and ventilation connections to the odour control system.

2. The Sludge dewatering and drying plant is designed to process the thickened sludge, at a maximum rate of 38tons of dr y solids/day with an average rate of 31.2 tons of dry solids/day and a plant availability better than 85% . the dryer units are single pass without back mixing to ensure that no dust is recycled to the front of the dryer in order to eliminate completely any fire or explosion risks.

3. The dried sludge is produced in a stable dust free palletised form with a dry solid content in the range 89% - 92% if the pelletising units are to be bypassed for any reason dryers will be able to produce dry sludge in a dust free granular form.

4. The product conforms to USEPA class A criteria for pathogen reduction to enable unrestricted distribution for agricultural use. The maximum permissible pathogen levels for the product are:-

• Faecal coliform level < 1000/gram

• Salmonella Sp. Bacteria < 3 MPN Per 4 grams DS

• Helminth ova < 1 MPN Per 4 grams DS

REHABILITATION & EXTENSION OF GREATER ANKARA WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM, TURKEY

A major scheme intended to upgrade and expand the water distribution network of Greater Ankara (including suburbs) spreading over 540 sq. km. with elevations from 780 to 1250 m.

With a present population of 2.6 million, Greater Ankara is projected to have a population of 4.65 million by the year 2010.

The design work for the upgraded and expanded scheme includes the following major elements:

• 1300 km primary distribution network (pipe diameters between 300 and 2200 mm),

• 6000 km secondary distribution network (pipe diameters between 100 and 250 mm),

• 33 pumping stations with single and multiple pump batteries,

• 63 storage reservoirs (1000 m3 to 30,000 m3 each),

• Flow and pressure monitoring installations;

• Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system; instrumentation and controls, and fire hydrants, valves and appurtenances.

CONSULTING SERVICES

The consulting services for the project included studies and reviews of existing conditions; establishment of present population and water demand; future population distribution and projections; water demand projections; sources capacity assessment; unaccounted-forwater surveys and leakage prevention programs; hydraulic analysis of the water networks and pumping or storage installations; hydraulic modeling of the present and future systems; sensitivity and economic studies; establishment of implementation programs; expenditure projections and funding requirements; preparation of designs and tender documents; assessment of and recommendations related to operation and maintenance requirements, institutional set-ups and tariff structures; and assistance to the authority in supervision of the construction.

MUSAFFAH-EAST INFRASTRUCTURE, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

The Musaffah-East, Abu Dhabi, U.A.E. Water distribution, sewerage and drainage project, commissioned by the Abu Dhabi Municipality extends on a total of 3000 hectares.

It also includes the Mafraq Industrial Area with an additional area of 1000 hectares. The network is connected to a deep interceptor collector up to 22 m in depth, 11 Km long with 4 pumping stations. The main pumping station is 25 m deep with a flow up to 3.5 m3 per second.

The project also includes two pressure lines with a length of 9 Km each with 1300-mm diameter. Construction requires 13 Km of micro-tunnelling with depths ranging from 13m to 20m.

The major components of the project may be summarized as follows:

• Water supply and irrigation system including distribution lines down to 150mm diameter pipes, reservoirs, pumping stations and chambers.

• Surface water drainage including subsidiary and trunk lines, pumping stations, detention basins, outfall structures and other necessary work for satisfactory disposal of surface water.

• Sewerage facilities, including house connections, subsidiary sewers and pumping facilities.

The Consulting Services provided include:

• Geotechnical Investigation,

• Inception study,

• Preliminary and Final Designs,

• Preparation of tender and contract documents

• Assistance in tendering,

• Project Management and the Supervision of construction works

METN EL BAROUK WATER SUPPLY & WASTEWATER SCHEMES, LEBANON

Project involved 230 kms of water and wastewater networks serving approximately 50 towns and villages in the mountainous areas of North Metn, Upper Metn, Barouk and Chouf districts.

Project key elements involve :

• Construction/ rehabilitation of 32 concrete water reservoirs

• Construction/ rehabilitation of 87 km water transmission lines

• Construction/ rehabilitation of 130 km water distribution lines

• Construction/ rehabilitation of 12 km sewer lines

• Submersible pump stations, booster pump stations and five new chlorination stations.

• The majority (85%) of the project is financed by the World Bank, part of the National Emergency Reconstruction

• Programme (N.E.R.P.).

Feasibility and economic studies, preliminary and detailed design, preparation of ten der documents for project implementation and supervision of construction.

KESERWAN REGION SANITARY SEWERAGE SCHEME, LEBANON

A major scheme intended to provide master planning and implementation of a regional sewerage scheme to serve all the urban areas of Keserwan Region extending over an area of 900 square kilometres and with a total projected population of 670,000.

The scheme provides sewerage, treatment and disposal of the wastewaters discharged by the densely populated urban areas as well as the large number of towns and villages within the project study area.

The main elements of the project include;

• Collector and trunk sewers

• Pumping facilities and pressure mains

• Wastewater treatment plants

• 700 mm diameter sea outfall with multiple diffusion nozzles

• pre-treatment facilities upstream of the sea outfall including screening, degritting, oil separation, chlorination and pumping.

CONSULTING SERVICES :

Feasibility and economic studies, preliminary and detailed design and preparation of tender documents for project implementation.